Kadolha

Kadolha (Kadolhan: Kadoľska), officially the Federal People's Republic of Kadolha (Kadolhan: Federatíwna Národna Republika Kadoľska), is a  located in Irisia, bordering Bloodia to the north.

[EARLY HISTORY, IRISIAN NATIVES, MIGRATIONS, COLONIZATION]

[INDEPENDENCE AND NEW REPUBLIC]

[19TH CENTURY AND 20TH CENTURY EVENTS]

[MODERN KADOLHA]

Politics and government
Kadolha is a   and functions under a socialist framework, whereas the President is the  and the Secretary-General is the. The government is officially divided into three branches: the executive, legislative and judicial branch.



The executive branch is comprised of the President, the Secretary-General and the Federal People's Committee. Members of the Federal People's Committee and the Secretary-General are both appointed by the President. The President is nominated and elected by the Federal People's Congress. The Federal People's Committee, according to the Constitution of Kadolha, has the power to elect a new head of state during and in some cases, a. The Secretary-General becomes the Acting President in the case of a death in office. In 2022, Jówana Todórowić succeeded Nemańa Božánović as the President and appointed Adrijana Rájkowić as the Secretary-General of the Federal People's Committee.

The Federal People's Congress serves as the legislative branch of the government, with a total of 502 members serving a five-year term. Its official head is the Speaker of the Federal People's Congress. It is comprised of representatives of all 54 territories, though the amount of seats varies on their status. Each republic has ten seats in the legislature, the Federal District has five seats and the unincorporated territories have three seats, with the exception of Gwárma, which has two seats. All members are elected by a popular vote in their respective geographic constituencies.

The highest authority within the justice system is the Constitutional Court, which forms the judicial branch of the government. Judges are appointed by the President. The Court of Criminal Appeal has the power of judicial review within the justice system, and its judges are also appointed by the President.

The People's Revolutionary Party is the current ruling party in Kadolha.

Foreign relations


Kadolha is a member of several international organizations and maintains diplomatic relations with most countries in the world. Its foreign policy is conducted through the Bureau of Foreign Affairs and its head, the Bureau Executive of Foreign Affairs. The main aims of the Bureau of Foreign Affairs are to represent Kadolha before other states; safeguarding the interests of the Kadolhan state and of its citizens abroad; the promotion of Kadolhan culture; and the fostering of closer relations with the Kadolhan diaspora.

In addition to its membership in CDA, Kadolha is also a member of the Organization of Irisian States, a regional organization that promotes economic and cultural cooperation among its members. The country also maintains strong ties with Zemlyan countries, such as Kus, Savland and Reismov. Kadolha has been actively involved in peacekeeping missions and humanitarian efforts around the world.

Overall, Kadolha's foreign policy is focused on promoting international cooperation and diplomacy while safeguarding the interests of its citizens and promoting its unique cultural heritage.

Law and criminal justice


Kadolha has a typical based on  modified by the. The Constitutional Court (Ustávni sud) is the highest court of Kadolha and is responsible for all constitutional matters, with the power of. The handles all civil and criminal cases, while the courts for general jurisdictions at first instance are the Lower and High courts. Courts of specialized jurisdictions are the Labor Court, Finance Court and the Administrative Court.

and is codified in the Penal Code (Kazneni zakon) and the Civil Code (Građanski zakon). Kadolha makes extensive use of labor camps, where prisoners are forced to engage in. Prisoners that have committed serious offenses are often overworked to death, while other prisoners through adequate treatment can be rehabilitated and reintegrated into society.

The Bureau of Internal Affairs entails three law enforcement agencies, which are the Public Security Service, Gendarmerie and the Office of Narcotics Control. National security, intelligence and counterintelligence operations are handled by the State Security Bureau.

The Office of Narcotics Control was created in response to the sudden increase of in Kadolha in the 1950s. The Vetan mafia was solely responsible for the distribution of drugs within Kadolhan borders during that period. The majority of their cells were eliminated towards the end of the 20th century, although they still maintain a small presence in Kadolha and also remains as the government's priority target in its War on Drugs.

Military
The People's Revolutionary Armed Forces are subordinate to the Bureau of National Defense, which administers all four service branches, made up of the Land Forces, Air Force, Navy and Home Guard. The President is the Marshal of the Armed Forces (, who appoints the Bureau Executive of National Defense and the Chief of the Defense Staff. Its budget currently amounts to 5% of the GDP, the second-highest in the world, after Bloodia. Kadolha is one of the fewer countries to possess and to have used nuclear weapons against a foreign country.

All branches of the People's Revolutionary Armed Forces sum up to a size of 1.4 million active personnel and 400,000 reserve personnel, totaling 1.8 million personnel. Kadolha has the largest air force and navy in the world, while the land forces are the second-largest, after the Bloodian land forces. It is mandatory for all male and female citizens aged 18–29 to be for two years of service in the People's Revolutionary Armed Forces.

A part of the Kadolhan military composes the Strategic Response Force of the Collective Defense Accord, having stationed troops in Reismov and Savland. Kadolha has also deployed a number of troops, ships and aircraft to bases in Bamey and Balekaria.

Political divisions
Kadolha is a, and as such is divided into 48 republics, 1 and 6 unincorporated territories. All administrative divisions with republic status are s, which are divided into župe (equivalent to a ), and those are further divided into opštine (equivalent to a ). Constituent republics are officially referred to as People's Republics (Národne Republike). Each republic holds a certain amount of representatives it can elect for the Federal People's Congress. The Federal District is the only of such type in the country and houses the country's capital, Kradelas.

Unincorporated territories are often overseas territories which do not bear the status of a republic, and because of that usually have two or three representatives at the Federal People's Congress. They are also exempt from being part of the cybernetic network. Although officially not being republics, residents born in these territories are still granted Kadolhan citizenship.

Population
Kadolha's population as of 2022 is 267,793,563 people, of which 80,890,907 are located in mainland Kadolha, and 186,902,656 in the autonomous territories of Vačarje and Obaljne in Irisia. It is the third most populous country in Zemlya after Sremia and the Vetan Federation. Taking into account mainland Kadolha and Kadolhan Irisia, population density numbers at 89 inhabitants per square kilometer. The population density of mainland Kadolha numbers 166 inhabitants per square kilometer, whilst that of Kadolhan Irisia is 74 inhabitants per square kilometer. The total fertility rate of Kadolha is currently at 4.79. A high birth rate and low death rate has established Kadolha as one of the most populous countries in the world. The current median age is 29.

The population of Kadolhans is as of 2022 estimated to be 118,570,368, which is 44% of the total population. Native Irisians are the second largest and the largest non-Kadolhan group living in Kadolha, and as their name states, natives to the lands of Irisia. They number 69,340,885 (25.9%) people. Native Irisians are split into many different groups, most notable ones being the Wanikuyi, Sunakkhu and the Moheso. Kadolhan Irisians are the third largest group in Kadolha proper and the second largest in Kadolhan Irisia numbering 58,313,629 (21.8%) people. They are people of Kadolhan and Native Irisian descent, a group which was created through continuous mixing between the two groups, which started not too long after the Kadolhans first settled Irisia.

Kadolha has many different groups inhabiting its lands, although for the most part are minorities from different parts of the Cozars. The biggest minority in Kadolha are Bloodian Irisians numbering at 10,092,743 (3.6%), followed by Bloodians at 4,370,709 (1.6%), although the majority of them are located in Irisia. The third biggest minority are the Lafeardan Newrikers, numbering at 2,429,735, which is 0.91% of the total population, and 1.3% of the Irisian population. Other minority groups that are part of the mainland census (% of total population not included) are Lubilians (2.2%), Lipnitians (1.09%), Behalavians (0.6%), Kolesians (0.4%), Lyrinians (0.37%), Werschetzianites (0.31%), Vretekans (0.29%), Satarians (0.26%), Cestrosians (0.1%), Kusians (0.06%) and Trakians (0.02%).

Kadolha has a number of large cities. The largest city is Kradelas.

Religion


Pravjerje is the official and largest religion in Kadolha, while the government guarantees freedom of religious belief for all citizens. The majority of Pravjerje followers are Kadolhans and Lubilians, and they make up 44.9% of the total population. The second biggest religion is the Irisian Faith at 27.5%, followed by the Kadolhan-Irisian Faith at 20.6%, which is a combination of traditions and deities from Pravjerje and the Irisian Faith. The largest minority religion is Bloodian Tribunalism, currently 5% of the population, which is exclusively followed by Bloodians and Bloodian Irisians.

Orthodox Issianism makes up 0.9% of the population and is prevalent among Lipnitian, Behalavian, Werschetzianite, Vretekan, Cestrosian, Kolesian and Trakian communities. According to the 2022 census, roughly 96,000 Lubilians have expressed themselves as Orthodox Issians. The Werschetzianite Orthodox Church, Lipnitian Orthodox Church, Cestrosian Orthodox Church and Trakian Orthodox Church hold their own, and. These administrations were established during the late era of the First Kadolhan Republic and were officially recognized under the Second Kadolhan Republic, which in turn stopped the widespread persecution of Issians in the country.

Unitary Issianism is the smallest Issian religion in Kadolha, making up 0.1% of the population. It is prevalent only in and Lyrinian communities located in the southwestern part of the country. Along the the Orthodox Issian churches, the Vetan Church was also allowed to establish its own administration in Kadolha.

Other notable religions are Kuśvúś, followed by the Kusian minority; and the Satarian Native Faith, followed by the Satarian minority. A small portion of the total population also identify as and.

Languages


Kadolhan is the official and predominant spoken language in Kadolha. It is one of the many Zemlyan languages with active, using both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. Together with Bloodian, Kadolhan is the of the world.

Recognized minority languages in Kadolha are Cozar Slavic, Bloodian, Lipnitian, Behalavian, Werschetzianite,, Trakian, Satarian, Vretekan, Lyrinian, Kusian, and a large grouping of Native Irisian languages. The Native Irisian languages are the only minority languages officially used by local administrations where Native Irisians are the majority population.

Kadolha requires all its citizens to know three languages, as the government believes it will benefit citizens in all aspects of education, trade and war. Kadolhan is taught throughout the entire educational process, whilst Bloodian is introduced in the third year of. Another third language is introduced at the beginning of or, but students can choose which one they want to learn, though the options shrink to a specific few during wartime.

Kadolhans are typically multilingual, being able to speak at least one foreign language. Bloodian is the most spoken secondary language among Kadolhans, while is the third. Other commonly taught languages in Kadolha are, , , Balekarian and.

Health
Kadolha has a available for all its citizens and is funded by the Public Health Administration of the Bureau of Internal Affairs. The average life expectancy for males is 80.6 years and 88.7 for women, and a very low. The state encourages the population, especially the youth, to be physically active and eat healthier food for a healthier life. The government passed a law in 1929 known as the Act on the Wellbeing of the Population, making it mandatory for all children to take up a or a, forcing all schools to have different sports classes part of their program. Although mandatory in s, they're optional in s, and.

Physical activity is highly valued in Kadolhan culture, with a large portion of the population engaging in regular exercise and other physical activities. However, there are concerns about the high rates of alcohol consumption in Kadolha. Alcohol is a common part of social gatherings and is often consumed in large quantities. The government raised awareness regarding alcohol consumption and tobacco use after the end of the Second Great War. Though it worked to massively cut down on the amount of tobacco usage, it had little impact on alcohol consumption.

Drug use was a major concern for the general wellbeing of the population in the 50s, because of the sudden increase of in the region, due to the presence of the Vetan mafia. The anti-drug program succeeded in cutting down drug usage and drug trade in the region as a whole.

Education


Kadolha provides to all its citizens and is funded and administrated by the Educational Administration of the Bureau of Culture. Optional education is provided for all children between three and six years old, followed by  for eight years, which is compulsory. After, Kadolha divides its system into two paths, depending whether students want to attend  or pursue a  through , which are both four years long. The government implemented a, in which students receive vocational training in a company and in school. Kadolha's free and high-quality education system has led to a highly educated population and a high literacy rate, currently standing at 99.8%. Kadolha also allows foreign students from specific countries to study at its universities, although with certain limitations.

Today, there are several prestigious universities in Kadolha, including some of the oldest in the world. The most popular universities are the University of Kradelas, University of Drewgrád, University of Warína, and University of Laškána. The University of Gálušár is the oldest university in Kadolha.

Economy


Kadolha adheres to the policies of a, in which the government centralizes production and the distribution of goods. The nationalization of industry, centralized distribution of output, forced requisition of agricultural production, and the elimination money circulation, private enterprises and was initiated by the People's Revolutionary Party in 1920, seven years after the end of a devastating civil war. The nationalization process came with a bundle of issues, most notably public resistance to agricultural collectivization and widespread famines, which occurred primarily in indigenous Irisian territory. Rapid industrialization occurred in late 1920s and early 1930s, expanding capacity in heavy industry and capital goods. Kadolha was able to achieve relative self-sufficiency by 1937.

The development and course of the economy is formally directed by the Bureaus of Development and Infrastructure, Labor and Internal Affairs. Prior to 1982, it was managed by several different bureaus, of whom were the Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry, Trade and Tourism, Industry and Energy, Transport and Telecommunications (all merged into the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure) and Finance (merged into the Bureau of Internal Affairs). Economic plans come in the form of five- or six-year plans, which are proposed by Kadolha's constituent republics, approved by the Federal People's Congress and put into effect by Bureaus of Labor, Development and Infrastructure and Internal Affairs.

Kadolha actively participated in the creation of a cybernetic planned economics system, whom it developed jointly with its neighbor Bloodia in the 1970s. The system became fully operational in the 1980s and has helped more accurately display resources available for distribution between republics and local businesses. Along with that, it corrected several issues that came with purely human central planning. The system's entire network was improved with upgrades throughout Kadolha in the 1990s and again in the 2010s with subsequent upgrades. Unincorporated territory is exempt from these upgrades and still continue to use non-cybernetic.

Since the day of its implementation, the Kadolhan economy has remained mostly unchanged, and today it is ranked as the world's second largest economy.

Agriculture


Agriculture plays a significant role in the economy of Kadolha, with its natural conditions being conducive to a varied agricultural production. The country has a vast amount of that has allowed it to become self-sufficient in agricultural production, making it one of the world's largest producers of grains, fruits, and plants. In addition, Kadolha places significant emphasis on meat production and export, with and  being the most exported types of meat.

The management of agricultural production is overseen by the Agrarian Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure.

Kadolha's most produced grains include, , and , while the most produced plants are s, s, and. The country's most exported vegetable is. Kadolha has a long-standing tradition of winemaking, and as a result, vineyards are prevalent throughout the country. s are the most produced fruit, followed by, , , , , and. The largest vineyards can be found in the republics of New Primoria, Jánárska, and Tepeū.

Farms are divided into state-owned (Držawne zemľorádńe) and cooperative farms (Zdrúžene zemľorádńe). Cooperative farms are run by local farming councils, and are responsible for the cultivation of grains, plants, fruits, and livestock, which are contributed to the state and further distributed to the population. State-owned farms are directly managed by the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure, and they mostly produce s such as, and. State-owned farms have a bigger presence on islands, due to their suitable location for growth.

Many cooperative farms in the eastern region of the country are used as vineyards, with farms focusing primarily on fruit-growth are also predominant in that area. The agricultural sector remains an important aspect of the Kadolhan economy and continues to play a crucial role in its development.

Industry


The automotive industry is a significant contributor to the economy, with Kadolha producing and exporting some of the most popular car brands in the world, including, , , , and. The most popular car brand among Kadolhans is Wačar, followed closely by Žeti, Stojadínowić ZPA and Kráľ ZPA. In addition to the automotive industry, Kadolha also exports machinery, electronic equipment, and chemical products.

The industrial sector is managed by the Industrial Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure.

The country's economy is also reliant on oil refining and heavy metallurgical refining. Kadolha is among the top oil producing countries in the world and oil exports play a significant role in the country's economy.

The arms industry is another crucial component of Kadolha's economy, with the country being recognized as one of the world's leading arms exporters. The industry is home to prominent arms companies such as the Ketranel Aviation Company, Xarauka Works, Weteka Arms & Supply, and Lekweta Arms. Kadolha's military arms production is particularly noteworthy, contributing significantly to the country's defense capabilities.

Energy


Kadolha's energy sector is directly managed by the Industrial Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure, responsible for the distribution of energy across the nation. is the most widely used form of energy in Kadolha, with 75% of the country's energy coming from nuclear power plants that primarily use, with some also using. In addition to nuclear energy, Kadolha also utilizes cleaner power sources such as and. Solar energy powers 11% of the country, while hydroelectricity powers 9.3%.

The Kadolhan government aims to continue to shift its energy consumption away from s, such as, which is primarily used to fuel motor vehicles, aircraft, ships and other forms of transport. Fossil fuels are in the process of being phased out and replaced by nuclear energy and hydroelectricity, particularly, which is a major contributor to air pollution. Fossil fuels still remain in large use with the People's Revolutionary Armed Forces.

The Kadolhan government is committed to reducing its carbon footprint and promoting sustainable energy practices. In addition to its focus on clean energy, the government has implemented policies to reduce energy consumption through efficient building practices and the use of energy-saving appliances.

Transport


Transportation in Kadolha is facilitated through a variety of means including road, rail, sea, and air travel. Since the 1930s, Kadolha has primarily focused on developing road networks, which includes motorways that connect major cities. Motor vehicles are the most widely used form of transport, and significant efforts have been made to develop proper road networks. However, the onset of the Second Great War left some new roads unfinished, and some of these roads still exist in the countryside. Most roads in Kadolha were constructed using concrete material, but the government has initiated an effort to replace concrete roads with ones due to their lower cost and ease of repair. As a result, the majority of roads in Kadolha are now made of asphalt, with concrete being more common in local roads. One of the most significant and longest motorways in the country is the AP-1 motorway, which spans from Kostográd to Jacalila.

The Logistical Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure manages the transportation sector in Kadolha.

The rail network in Kadolha is primarily used for freight cargo transport rather than passenger transport, due to the affordability and popularity of motor vehicles. The first railroad connecting Kradelas and Nowi Zód was built in 1847, and while a vast rail network still exists, it is mainly used for logistical purposes. Trams operate on an urban rail network within cities and tend to be used more frequently due to dense traffic in major cities. Bus transport is also a common form of transportation.

Air travel is a popular means of transportation in Kadolha, and every major city has an airport, with the largest being the Kradelas International Airport. Sea transport, on the other hand, is the least used form of transportation in the country, although a popular ferry route is from Akantāl, Wačárje to Pokľopówľe, Baranówska. Sea transport is primarily used for cargo transport, and the largest port is located in Warína, the maritime center of the country.

Tourism


Kadolha is a renowned tourist destination, renowned for its unique and diverse architecture, rich cultural heritage, musical traditions, local cuisine, and a range of landforms located across the country. Because of this, the country receives a large number of tourists, with numbers reaching up to 150 million yearly. The biggest amount of tourists visited Kadolha in 2018, standing at an astounding 159 million.

The country is home to a multitude of popular tourist destinations, including ancient fortresses, castles, museums, mountain resorts, national parks, and beaches. Kradelas, the heartland of the country, attracts the majority of the tourists, as it is brimming with diverse architecture, museums, and monuments of both religious and historical significance. Warína, the second most popular tourist destination, is home to a collection of beaches and hotels, making it an ideal location for summer vacations. Additionally, Kadolha houses several churches and cathedrals, constructed in honor of various saints, as well as temples of Irisian origin, though they only serve as tourist attractions today. Popular tourist attractions include the Kamena Wrtówica, Klađa National Park, Rezokamen Fortress, Monument to a Thousand Souls, and the Temple of Balam in Yaxuakāl.

Space exploration


Kadolha has a notable history of achievements in space technology and space exploration, dating back to 1967 when the first Kadolhan, Bórislaw Marínkowić, was launched into space via a Bloodian spacecraft. This mission marked the first joint space mission between Bloodia and Kadolha. With the assistance of the Bloodian Aerospace Directorate, Kadolha and Reismov jointly developed the Collective Spaceflight Research Administration (Zdrúžena uprava svemírskog istražívanja) in 1973. CSRA played a crucial role in launching the first Kadolhan-made spacecraft, which carried Marínko Šoškić into space in 1975. This made Kadolha the third country to send a human being to space.

Kadolha's first satellite, Okolník 1, was launched into space in 1977 from the Wólata Air Force Base. The Axūlace space station was completed in 1984 and remains operational to this day. Kadolha completed its own space station, Wájić 1, in 1988, which is primarily used for domestic space research purposes. The government established the Bureau of Spaceflight Research & Development in 1985 to help develop more domestic spacecraft designs. The bureau has played a significant role in the development of Kadolha's space program and has helped to launch a substantial number of domestically-produced satellites into space, as well as those jointly developed through the CSRA program. Kadolha has two main spaceports located in the republics of Bixatān and Texaťipoťa.

Kadolhan astronauts are actively involved in mission flights to the International Space Station, further advancing the country's space program. The government's vision for the future of its space program includes increased investment in domestic spacecraft designs and the expansion of its existing infrastructure.

In addition to its domestic achievements, Kadolha has been active in international space collaborations. The country is a member of the International Space Station partnership and has collaborated with other countries on various space missions. The country also seeks to increase its participation in global space initiatives, further cementing its position as a power in the international space community.

Culture


The culture of Kadolha is deeply rooted in its heritage, combined with influences from the country's indigenous populations. Today, Kadolhan culture is defined by its religious customs, which date back to the Maranskan colonization period, and the impact of the Kadolhan War of Independence, which helped establish a national identity and the rise of Kadolhan nationalism.

Kadolha is home to numerous cultural landmarks, including churches, cathedrals, pyramids, forts, castles, and old towns. Some of the most significant cultural monuments include the Metropolitan Cathedral of the Rebirth of Isa, originally located within the Kradelas Fortress before its walls were taken down, and now located in Kradelas proper; the Kamena Wrtówica, a city fortress; the Monument to a Thousand Souls, erected at the site of the Battle of Gálebica, the final battle of the Kadolhan War of Independence; and the statue of Saint Swétisláw in Lipnowo. Irisian structures and cities are also scattered throughout the country, and various temples of indigenous populations, such as those in Yaxuakāl, Ariche, and Cuonōwa, are noteworthy.

The National Library of Kadolha houses many preserved religious texts written in Maranskan and various, although some are also kept within temple premises. All activities regarding the preservation of the cultural heritage of Kadolha are undertaken by the Bureau of Culture.

Art and architecture
Kadolhan art and architecture are deeply rooted in the country's history, with influences from Maranskan and Irisian art and architecture, as well as post-colonial forms that arrived through trade and migration.

Throughout the country, there are numerous preserved forts, cities, and pyramids that offer a glimpse into Kadolha's rich history. The government has taken great strides to protect and preserve these cultural monuments, including Kamena Wrtówica, Gálebica Fortress, Trnoréz, and Wodokamen. In addition to these Maranskan-built structures, pre-settler cities like Yaxuakāl, Ariche, Cuonōwa, and Atoyacoātla provide a unique perspective onto the country's vast cultural heritage.



The arrived in Kadolha after it achieved independence and had a significant impact on the country's art, architecture, and music. The country experienced an explosion of artistic influences after the Baroque period came to an end, including, , , , , , , , , , and. The Building of the Federal People's Congress in Kradelas serves as an example of the Neo-Gothic revival architecture that emerged during this period.



Some of the most significant Kadolhan painters of the early 20th century include Wedran Babić, Dawor Bojánić, and Radowan Rádić, who were all associated with Impressionism. Ikāvpiĺi Ratimírowić and Uroš Cezárewić were notable Historicism painters, while Bojan Kráľewić and Goran Krstić focused on Realism. Slóbodan Žíwić and the sculptor Sláwomir Dragíčewić were known for their Neoclassical style. In the latter half of the 20th century, Marija Cvijánowić, Zdráwko Kájetić, Stanoje Milutínówić, and Miládin Wukománowić emerged as important Expressionist painters.

Kadolha is home to several notable works of art, including the painting of Welegrád, Battle of Galebica, and the statue of Saint Swétisláw. Additionally, the Warína carpet is a significant traditional handcraft in Kadolha.

With over 20,000 museums throughout the country, the National Museum of Kadolha stands out as the most prominent. Founded in 1810, it is home to a vast collection of archaeological findings, including Irisian busts, coins, and weapons, as well as Maranskan relics.

Literature
The literary tradition of Kadolha has its roots in Maranskan and Irisian literature, which emerged during the colonization of Irisia in the late 16th century. The oldest known Kadolhan book is The Killing of the Buffalo. During the, Maranskan-Kadolhan literature was greatly influenced, and this style dominated the literary scene until the in the 18th century. It was during this time that Wesna Krľić and Milána Zmajewíć became the first recognized female prose writers in Kadolha after the country gained independence in 1759. Notable male Baroque prose writers include Srđan Kálíć, Dejan Goranowić, Sláwomir Cwijić, and Stojan Milóšewić. There were only two recognized writers during the Age of Enlightenment, only Radoje Mílić and Sláwiša Dobrojewić.





In the, there was a significant boom in writers and literary works, as the literary style became immensely popular and widely accepted. Notable writers of this period were Mladen Gájić, Gawél Bojewić, Miliwoje Welimírović, Žéľko Dobrosáwľewić, Obren Trifkowić, and Wišeslaw Wújić. In the late 19th century, writers emerged, though they were not as popular or widespread as the Romanticist writers. Famous Realist writers include Česláw Nedéľkowić, Branko Múńewić, Bórislaw Drágić, and Wéľko Mandić.

The 20th century was dominated by prose writers, including Wládimír Obrádowić (The Thunder God and the Tree), Wlátko Dasējewić (Death of the Gray Wolf), Milan Ľúdowić (Beyond the Sky Boundary), Ľúba Milánowić (Off Limits), Slawoľúb Bačić (Many Miles Away), Āpo Blagojewić (Despair), and Obrad Xwálimírowić (The Suffering of a Lone Eagle). Famous 20th century poets include Straxińa Šápóńíć, Radiša Bojewić, Sláwiša Nówákowić, Slóbodan Zoránić, Dráško Rájić, Jélena Wladimírović, Ksenija Lázić, and Swjetlana Kówić.

Arguably the most well-known Kadolhan author is Brátislaw Jároslawić, whose best work is considered to be Pain and Suffering. This book has been translated into 10 languages and was a popular read in 1951. Jároslawić's original works are kept in the Matica kadoľska, the oldest cultural institution and in Irisia. Very historically important poetic texts and original written books are displayed in the Matica kadoľska. Kadolha boasts over 8,000 libraries, with the National Library of Kadolha being the largest, containing over 10 million volumes of books and poetry.

Music


Traditional Kadolhan music includes a wide variety of instruments, such as s,, , s, s, and s. There are various folk dances in Kadolha, of which many are a mix of traditional and Irisian dances. Despite not being as popular as other musical forms today, sung epic poetry remains an integral part of Kadolhan music.

The had the most significant impact on Kadolhan music, giving birth to numerous symphonies and orchestras, as well as composers such as Radiša Dápčewić, Stánislaw Borisáwľewić, and Miloje Šíľan. This period lasted from the late 16th century until the late 17th century.

became prominent after the Baroque period came to an end. Classical music overshadowed most of the Baroque music, due to its less complex, lighter and clearer texture. Classical music remained in Kadolha up until the late 19th century and served as the foundation for the father of modern Kadolhan music, Kosta Mandić. Although Baroque music may have had a significant influence in Kadolha, it was not too far ahead of classical music. Notable composers of this period include Ľubiša Uróšewić, Stáníša Milówánović, Ráško Kanījewić, and Wukota Bojanić.

The classical period was followed by the. Romantic music did not have a significant impact on Kadolhan music, and there were only two publicly recognized composers of this period, Radońa Kostić and Milan Ľubójewić.

Folk music in its original form, also known as traditional Kadolhan music, has been a prominent music form since the late 19th century. The Bureau of Culture is responsible for introducing folk music into all schools, as it is believed that music lies within the cultural identity of a nation, and if the music is forgotten, the identity begins to fade away.



The sudden rise of in the west and its rapid spread throughout Zemlya and Irisia ignited massive popularity in Kadolha in the 1950s and 1960s. What became immensely more popular than rock was, characterized by its loud sounds, distortion, long guitar solos, and emphatic beats. The most popular Kadolhan heavy metal bands are Kowáči, Konkord, Zelena lobańa and Ruwalow. Heavy metal reached its peak in popularity in the 1970s, and a large number of newly formed metal bands started showing up.

There are forty-three opera houses located across the country, of which six notable ones are located in the capital city of Kradelas. These operas include the Kradelas Musical Theater, Musical Section of the National Theater, Emperor's Theater House, Classical Music Theater, Opera House of the Eagle, and Theater of Music and Scene.

Sports


is the most popular ball sport in Kadolha and is widely played by the youth, with millions of people across the country tuning in to watch matches. ,, , and are also popular sports in the country. The Kadolha men's national basketball team has won numerous gold medals at regional and international competitions, and is ranked as the top basketball team in Irisia. The National Basketball Association is the primary governing body for basketball in Kadolha, and the Basketball League of Kadolha is the major competitive basketball club league.

are also significant in Kadolhan society, with the first schools of and  introduced in the 1920s by practitioners from Asakawa. The government actively introduced a variety of martial arts into schools in order to increase discipline and physical fitness within the youth. This initiative proved to be highly effective, and the government now runs a campaign to promote sportsmanship among the youth. In the 1950s, additional martial arts were introduced, including (Dongkuo kickboxing),, , , and. While, , and are also available at schools, they are not as popular. The first mixed martial arts clubs opened in the early 1960s, and the first MMA competition in Kadolha took place in Kradelas in 1967. Notable Kadolhan martial artists include Dušan Rájowić (Judo), Predrag Kójić (Jiu-jitsu), Wedran Radowánowić (Sanda), Kabrakān Júgowić (Sambo), Dragan Járewíć (Karate), Slawen Kršić (Maharlikan boxing), Ľubomir Kowáčewić (Taekwondo), and Xwálibog Dobrojewić (MMA).



There are several associations and federations responsible for organizing martial arts competitions, including the National Judo Federation of Kadolha, the Maharlikan Boxing Federation of Kadolha, the Jiu-Jitsu Federation of Kadolha, the National Sambo Federation of Kadolha, the Sanda Association of Kadolha, the Taekwondo Federation of Kadolha, the Karate Federation of Kadolha, the Kadolhan Wrestling Federation, the Boxing Association of Kadolha, the Kickboxing Association of Kadolha, and the United Mixed Martial Arts Association. All of these organizations are directly subordinate to the Bureau of Culture.

The 1970s saw a surge of interest in in Kadolha, particularly in  and, with the introduction of new regulations classified under  in the 1980s. Group B vehicles were known for their high power and performance, and excellent drivers, which sparked the popularity of motorsport in the country. The interest in motorsports has continued to this day, with many Kadolhan racers achieving great success in international competitions.

Theater and cinema


The father of modern Kadolhan theater is widely considered to be Dawor Stárčewić, who established a rich theatrical tradition in the country. Today, there are several theaters located in major cities across the country, including the Emperor's Theater House, National Theater in Kradelas, Kināl Theater House, Welegrád Theatrical Center, and the Warína Regional Theatrical and Cultural Center. The Laškana Cultural Theater, built in 1644, is the oldest theater in the country. Prominent Kadolhan playwrights include Dobroslaw Bogdánowić, Wójislaw Kostadinówić, and Predrag Spasójewić.

The introduction of film projectors to Kadolha in 1885 led to the production of the oldest movie in Irisia, known as The Lady in Black. During the silent film period, Kadolhan cinematography saw some development, with the most popular movie being The Fire Lake Swan, a romantic drama film released in 1920. The advent of sound film in 1926 led to a much more rapid development in cinematography, with popular movies of the interwar period including Life & Mystery (1928), Bolt Shooter (1931), Emotional Eruption (1936), and Wesna (1940). After the end of the Second Great War, Kadolhan cinema boomed with the release of several movies. The 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s are widely regarded as the golden era of Kadolhan cinematography, with comedic movies and war movies being among the most popular genres. Notable comedic movies from this era include Boiling Hot (1980), while Offensive in Southern Irisia 1946 (1974) was a popular war movie. Renowned Kadolhan filmmakers of this era include Dobriwoje Kladar and Nemańa Dárkowić.

Several Kadolhan movie stars have made significant contributions to the country's film industry, and these include Wukášin Wúka Stojadínowić, Welibor Míľetić, Rúžica Bóškowić, Darko Mírac Mírkowić, Dragana Ťasēlelev, Dráško Cwíja Cwíjánowić, Wélimír Milánkowić, Perúna Cwjétkowić, Tańa Wájić, and many others.

Media


The freedom of the press and freedom of speech have been controversial issues in Kadolha, where the freedom of the press is virtually non-existent. All television channels in the country are operated by the People's Radio Television Department, which primarily airs domestic programs with some foreign television programs.

There are over 10,000 radio stations in Kadolha, with many having national coverage, including the public broadcaster People's Radio Television Department. Media censorship in the country dates back to 1913, when major newspaper companies were shut down, their headquarters demolished, and any remaining copies of their publications burned. Some popular newspapers before the beginning of the era include The Eagle, Our Country, Salt & Pepper, and Sea Lions.

Currently, there is only one national daily newspaper in Kadolha, called Journal of the Federation (Dnéwník Federácije), which informs the population about various events within and outside the country. Additionally, there are regional newspapers for each republic and local newspapers for each opština. An unknown number of web portals exist on the .ka domain, while there have been reports of dissident web portals being hosted on foreign domains, which are created to undermine the Kadolhan government.

Cuisine


Kadolhan cuisine is a rich blend of indigenous Irisian, and Maranskan influences. Food and alcoholic drinks are an essential part of Kadolhan social life, especially during religious practices that involve food offerings and feasts.

The Kadolhan diet typically consists of bread, meat (including, , , and ), fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. Bread holds an important place in Kadolhan meals, being served with almost every dish and used extensively during religious rituals. New World products such as, , and s are widely used in Kadolhan cuisine.

Kadolhan specialties include (caseless sausages made of minced meat, grilled and seasoned),, , , ,  (cornbread), , and indigenous Irisian dishes such as  (a stew made with hominy and meat),  (a corn dough filled with meat and steamed in a corn husk),  (tortilla topped with a filling),  (stuffed and battered chili peppers), and many more.

The national beverage is meduška, a high-alcohol-volume drink distilled from fruit and flavored with honey, hence the name of the drink. Meduška without the honey flavor is called, and the most commonly found one is Šljivara, which is rakija distilled from plum. Other alcoholic beverages include, , , and. Winemaking in Kadolha is a century-long tradition, where wine is produced in many geographical regions.

Kadolhan cuisine is a reflection of the country's diverse cultural influences and ingredients, resulting in a unique and flavorful culinary tradition.

Public holidays
The public holidays in Kadolha are defined by the Act on National Holidays in the Federal People's Republic of Kadolha. The list below includes only statutory holidays.