Kadolha

Kadolha (Kadolhan: Кадољска / Kadoljska), officially the Republic of Kadolha (Kadolhan: Република Кадољска / Republika Kadoljska), is a  located in Central Irisia, bordering Bloodia to the north. Kradelas is located in the Capital Voivodeship and is the official seating of the government.

[EARLY HISTORY, IRISIAN NATIVES, MIGRATIONS, COLONIZATION]

[INDEPENDENCE AND NEW REPUBLIC]

[19TH CENTURY AND 20TH CENTURY EVENTS]

[MODERN KADOLHA]

Politics and government
Kadolha is a Revivalist republic, with the government divided into a executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch.

The government and politics of Kadolha function as a Revivalist republic, where a is enforced and the Vrhovni Vođa is both the head of state and head of government.

The Vrhovni Vođa is responsible for appointing members of the Council of Bureaus, including members of the Great Revivalist Assembly and the judicial branch.

The executive branch is composed of the Vrhovni Vođa and the Council of Bureaus. The head of the Council of Bureau Executives is the Supreme Councilor of Bureau Executives, and serves as the. Jovana Todorović succeeded Nemanja Božanović as the Vrhovni Vođa in 2022, and in the same year appointed Adrijana Rajković as the Supreme Councilor of Bureau Executives.

The legislative branch of the government forms the Great Revivalist Assembly. The Great Revivalist Assembly is a legislative body and it has a total of 518 members with a term of five years. 518 candidates are appointed by the Vrhovni Vođa, but before convening they will be subject to a national referendum, in which the majority of votes that are against the new assembly will be prompted to its dissolution, and a public election will be held by its geographic constituencies. Its members are employers confederations, employees confederations, liberal professions and public bodies.

The judicial branch of the government is the Supreme Court, which is the highest authority within the justice system, where judges are appointed by the Vrhovni Vođa himself. The Court of Criminal Appeal has the power of judicial review within the justice system, and the judges are also appointed by the Vrhovni Vođa.

The current party in power is the National Revivalist Party.

Foreign relations


Kadolha has established relations with all countries in the world, with the exception of Aminia and Illhos. Its foreign policy is conducted through the Bureau of Foreign Affairs and its head, the Bureau Executive of Foreign Affairs. The main aims of the Bureau of Foreign Affairs are to represent Kadolha before other states; safeguarding the interests of the Kadolhan state and of its citizens abroad; the promotion of Kadolhan culture; and the fostering of closer relations with the Kadolhan diaspora.

Kadolha is allied to the Vetan Federation, Cestros, Lipnitia and other members of CSDO, a military and economic alliance. It is also a member of a regional organization named the Cozar Union.

Law and criminal justice


Kadolha has a typical based on  modified by the. The Constitutional Court (Уставни суд, Ustavni sud) is the highest court of Kadolha and is responsible for all constitutional matters, with the power of. The handles all civil and criminal cases, while the courts for general jurisdictions at first instance are the Lower and High courts. Courts of specialized jurisdictions are the Labor Court, Finance Court and the Administrative Court.

and is codified in the Penal Code (Казнени закон, Kazneni zakon) and the Civil Code (Грађански закон, Građanski zakon). Kadolha makes extensive use of labor camps, where prisoners are forced to engage in. Prisoners that have committed serious offenses are often overworked to death, while other prisoners through adequate treatment can be rehabilitated and reintegrated into society.

The Bureau of Internal Affairs entails three law enforcement agencies, which are the Public Security Service, Gendarmerie and the Office of Narcotics Control. National security, intelligence and counterintelligence operations are handled by the State Security Bureau.

The Office of Narcotics Control was created in response to the sudden increase of in Kadolha in the 1950s. The Vetan mafia was solely responsible for the distribution of drugs within Kadolhan borders during that period. The majority of their cells were eliminated towards the end of the 20th century, although they still maintain a small presence in Kadolha and also remains as the government's priority target in its War on Drugs.

Military
The National Republican Armed Forces are subordinate to the Bureau of National Defense, which administers all four service branches, made up of the Land Forces, Aerospace Forces, Navy and Home Guard. The Vrhovni Vođa is the Marshal of the Armed Forces (, who appoints the Bureau Executive of National Defense and the Chief of the Defense Staff. Its budget currently amounts to 5% of the GDP, the second-highest in the world, after Bloodia. Kadolha is one of the fewer countries to possess and to have used nuclear weapons against a foreign country.

All branches of the National Republican Armed Forces sum up to a size of 1.4 million active personnel and 400,000 reserve personnel, totaling 1.8 million personnel. Kadolha has the largest air force and navy in the world, while the land forces are the second-largest, after the Bloodian land forces. It is mandatory for all male and female citizens aged 18–29 to be for two years of service in the National Republican Armed Forces.

A part of the Kadolhan military composes the Strategic Response Force of the Collective Strategic Defense Organization, having stationed troops in Lipnitia and the Vetan Federation. Kadolha has also deployed a number of troops, ships and aircraft to bases in Bamey and Balekaria.

Administrative divisions
Kadolha is consisted of twenty-nine voivodeships divided into župe, which are subdivided into opštine. The capital city Kradelas is located in the Capital Voivodeship, hence the name of the voivodeship. The Capital Voivodeship is the only self-governing voivodeship in the entire country, all other voivodeships have no powers of their own and are often centers of state authority.

Autonomous territories
Kadolha has two autonomous territories located in Irisia. These territories are Vačarje and Obaljne, and they were integrated into Kadolha as sovereign territory in 1951 by merging the former colonies of Vačarje, Obaljne, Lažarija and Janarska. The name of the latter two is frequently used to refer to the regions they once encompassed.

Population
Kadolha's population as of 2022 is 267,793,563 people, of which 80,890,907 are located in mainland Kadolha, and 186,902,656 in the autonomous territories of Vačarje and Obaljne in Irisia. It is the third most populous country in Zemlya after Sremia and the Vetan Federation. Taking into account mainland Kadolha and Kadolhan Irisia, population density numbers at 89 inhabitants per square kilometer. The population density of mainland Kadolha numbers 166 inhabitants per square kilometer, whilst that of Kadolhan Irisia is 74 inhabitants per square kilometer. The total fertility rate of Kadolha is currently at 4.79. A high birth rate and low death rate has established Kadolha as one of the most populous countries in the world. The current median age is 29.

The population of Kadolhans is as of 2022 estimated to be 118,570,368, which is 44% of the total population. Native Irisians are the second largest and the largest non-Kadolhan group living in Kadolha, and as their name states, natives to the lands of Irisia. They number 69,340,885 (25.9%) people. Native Irisians are split into many different groups, most notable ones being the Wanikuyi, Sunakkhu and the Moheso. Kadolhan Irisians are the third largest group in Kadolha proper and the second largest in Kadolhan Irisia numbering 58,313,629 (21.8%) people. They are people of Kadolhan and Native Irisian descent, a group which was created through continuous mixing between the two groups, which started not too long after the Kadolhans first settled Irisia.

Kadolha has many different groups inhabiting its lands, although for the most part are minorities from different parts of the Cozars. The biggest minority in Kadolha are Bloodian Irisians numbering at 10,092,743 (3.6%), followed by Bloodians at 4,370,709 (1.6%), although the majority of them are located in Irisia. The third biggest minority are the Lafeardan Newrikers, numbering at 2,429,735, which is 0.91% of the total population, and 1.3% of the Irisian population. Other minority groups that are part of the mainland census (% of total population not included) are Lubilians (2.2%), Lipnitians (1.09%), Behalavians (0.6%), Kolesians (0.4%), Lyrinians (0.37%), Werschetzianites (0.31%), Vretekans (0.29%), Satarians (0.26%), Cestrosians (0.1%), Kusians (0.06%) and Trakians (0.02%).

Kadolha has a number of large cities. The largest city is Kradelas.

Religion


Pravjerje is the official and largest religion in Kadolha, while the government guarantees freedom of religious belief for all citizens. The majority of Pravjerje followers are Kadolhans and Lubilians, and they make up 44.9% of the total population. The second biggest religion is the Irisian Faith at 27.5%, followed by the Kadolhan-Irisian Faith at 20.6%, which is a combination of traditions and deities from Pravjerje and the Irisian Faith. The largest minority religion is Bloodian Tribunalism, currently 5% of the population, which is exclusively followed by Bloodians and Bloodian Irisians.

Orthodox Issianism makes up 0.9% of the population and is prevalent among Lipnitian, Behalavian, Werschetzianite, Vretekan, Cestrosian, Kolesian and Trakian communities. According to the 2022 census, roughly 96,000 Lubilians have expressed themselves as Orthodox Issians. The Werschetzianite Orthodox Church, Lipnitian Orthodox Church, Cestrosian Orthodox Church and Trakian Orthodox Church hold their own, and. These administrations were established during the late era of the First Kadolhan Republic and were officially recognized under the Second Kadolhan Republic, which in turn stopped the widespread persecution of Issians in the country.

Unitary Issianism is the smallest Issian religion in Kadolha, making up 0.1% of the population. It is prevalent only in and Lyrinian communities located in the southwestern part of the country. Along the the Orthodox Issian churches, the Vetan Church was also allowed to establish its own administration in Kadolha.

Other notable religions are Kuśvúś, followed by the Kusian minority; and the Satarian Native Faith, followed by the Satarian minority. A small portion of the total population also identify as and.

Languages


Kadolhan is the official and predominant spoken language in Kadolha. It is one of the many Zemlyan languages with active, using both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. Together with Bloodian, Kadolhan is the of the world.

Recognized minority languages in Kadolha are Cozar Slavic, Bloodian, Lipnitian, Behalavian, Werschetzianite,, Trakian, Satarian, Vretekan, Lyrinian, Kusian, and a large grouping of Native Irisian languages. The Native Irisian languages are the only minority languages officially used by local administrations where Native Irisians are the majority population.

Kadolha requires all its citizens to know three languages, as the government believes it will benefit citizens in all aspects of education, trade and war. Kadolhan is taught throughout the entire educational process, whilst Bloodian is introduced in the third year of. Another third language is introduced at the beginning of or, but students can choose which one they want to learn, though the options shrink to a specific few during wartime.

Kadolhans are typically multilingual, being able to speak at least one foreign language. Bloodian is the most spoken secondary language among Kadolhans, while is the third. Other commonly taught languages in Kadolha are, , , Balekarian and.

Health
Kadolha has a available for all its citizens and is funded by the Public Health Administration of the Bureau of Internal Affairs. The average life expectancy for males is 80.6 years and 88.7 for women, and a very low. The state encourages the population, especially the youth, to be physically active and eat healthier food for a healthier life. The government passed a law in 1929 known as the Act on the Wellbeing of the Population, making it mandatory for all children to take up a or a, forcing all schools to have different sports classes part of their program. Although mandatory in s, they're optional in s, and.

Physical activity is highly valued in Kadolhan culture, with a large portion of the population engaging in regular exercise and other physical activities. However, there are concerns about the high rates of alcohol consumption in Kadolha. Alcohol is a common part of social gatherings and is often consumed in large quantities. The government raised awareness regarding alcohol consumption and tobacco use after the end of the Second Great War. Though it worked to massively cut down on the amount of tobacco usage, it had little impact on alcohol consumption.

Drug use was a major concern for the general wellbeing of the population in the 50s, due to the sudden increase of in the region, due to the presence of the Vetan mafia. The anti-drug program succeeded in cutting down drug usage and drug trade in the region as a whole.

Education


Kadolha provides to all its citizens and is funded and administrated by the Educational Administration of the Bureau of Culture. Optional education is provided for all children between three and six years old, followed by  for eight years, which is compulsory. After, Kadolha divides its system into two paths, depending whether students want to attend  or pursue a  through , which are both four years long. The government implemented a, in which students receive vocational training in a company and in school. Kadolha's free and high-quality education system has led to a highly educated population and a high literacy rate, currently standing at 99.8%.

During the rule of Dragan Obrenović, the education system became more liberalized allowing foreign students to study at Kadolhan universities. This new policy also allowed students from the colonies to study at Kadolhan mainland universities, though due to the racial policies of Kadolha at the time, were often segregated into their own classes. In 2006, this policy changed and all colonial students were allowed to attend classes together with Kadolhans.

There are various universities in Kadolha, some of the oldest in the world, of which the most popular are the University of Kradelas, University of Ćenica, University of Varina and University of Laškana. The oldest university in Kadolha is the University of Galušar.

Economy
Kadolha adheres to a economy, similar, if not entirely the same as, where the economy is  by employers, workers and government officials. The economy is divided into different sectors called syndicates, which is consisted of employer and employee confederations, responsible for managing production, wages, prices and distribution. Wages and prices were set accordingly in order to avoid. In a Revivalist economy, between upper, middle and lower classes is extensively enforced in order to achieve industrial peace. Workers' strikes are outlawed and all class disputes are handled by the Labor Courts. This is done so that the work together in order to benefit the state, though this is the point where Kadolhan nationalism comes into play. The Kadolhan economy is for the most part privatized, though if private activity did not go in accordance to national interest, the government would intervene in order to be able to accommodate it.

The 1930s saw significant rise in employment and economic development, this caused the Kadolhan economy to become largely by 1939, rising from the near complete economic crash it experienced in the early 1920s. Although the government enforces a policy on imports, these regulations eased up in the post-war period, where trade with Bloodia and other allies came to prominence. The economy remains mostly unchanged, from the day of its implementation to the present day.

Different economic sectors and their development, who are managed by national syndicates, are overseen by different bureaus. National syndicates include the National Syndicate of Agriculture, responsible for managing the agricultural sector; the National Syndicate of Industry, manages the industrial sector; the National Syndicate of Commerce, manages the trade sector; the National Syndicate of Transportation, manages the transportation sector; the National Syndicate of Public Works and Liberal Professions. There are some economic sectors that are not managed by syndicates, but instead directly by bureaus, such as the tourism sector, energy sector and the telecommunications sector. The Bureau of Labor takes the responsibility of securing and protecting workers' rights, as well as accommodating them with a job on the basis of their profession.

Agriculture
Agriculture represents an important sector in the Kadolhan economy and its natural conditions meet the requirements for variable agricultural production. The vast amount of allowed Kadolha to become self-sufficient with its agricultural production, also being one of the world's largest producers of grain, fruits and plants. Kadolha also lays a focus on meat production and export, with the most exported types of meat being and.

The National Syndicate of Agriculture, composed of the National Confederation of Agricultural Producers and the National Confederation of Farmers, is responsible for managing the production of agricultural goods, such as grains, fruits, plants and meats. These activities are overseen by the Agrarian Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure and have the ability to intervene in case of suspicious activity. Among grain products, the most produced are, and. , s and s are the most produced plants in Kadolha, with potatoes being the most exported vegetables.

Due to the long-standing tradition of winemaking, the country is rich with s. Because of this s have become one of the most produced fruits in the country, followed by, , and. The biggest vineyards are located in the voivodeships of Kaljušeća, Berežija and Niković.

The majority of farms focusing on growing grains, plants, fruits and livestock are primarily located in the northern, northwestern, central and southern portion of the country, because of the vast amount of within those regions. The south is notably known for their s, but is also home to a lot of fruit-growing farms.

Industry
Industry and construction account for 36% of the gross domestic product and employ 28% of the workforce. The country is well known for its automotive industry, producing and exporting some of the most popular car brands in the world, such as, , , , and. Other industrial exports include machinery, electronic equipment and chemical products. The most-driven Kadolhan car brand is NASAZ, directly followed by Žeti SZ, Stojadinović SZ and Vačar SZ.

Other parts of the industry that are critical to the Kadolhan economy are oil refining and heavy metallurgic refining.

The National Syndicate of Industry, composed of the Confederation of Industrial Employers and Confederation of Industrial Workers, is responsible for managing the industrial sector of the economy, directly overseen by the Industrial Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure.

The arms industry is among the best in the world, responsible for very significant arms exports. Popular arms companies include the Ketranel Aviation Company, Harauka Works, Veteka Arms & Supply and Lekveta Arms.

Telecommunications
Ever since the introduction of the in the 1920s, the Kadolhan government enforced a strict policy on broadcasting Revivalist,  and anti-Sremian propaganda. Censorship became a frequent occurrence and it is not an uncommon practice today. There is only one nationwide communication service provider (mobile operator included), the National Cable & Telephone Service. Today, fixed telephone lines connect 95% of households, while 76% of the population are registered mobile phone users. 41.7% of households have a radio, while 99.1% of households have television.

The telecommunications sector is directly managed by the Telecommunications Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure.

Energy
Energy in Kadolha is directly managed by the Industrial Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure, responsible for energy distribution across the country. The most used form of energy is, specifically and in some powerplants. 71% of the country is powered by nuclear energy, along with the usage of cleaner power sources such as solar energy and hydroelectricity. Solar energy powers 11%, while hydroelectricity powers 9.3% of the country. Kadolha intends to use cleaner energy over fossil fuels, such as oil, which is primarily used to fuel motor vehicles, aircraft, ships and other forms of transport. Fossil fuels in general are in the process of being replaced by nuclear energy and hydroelectricity, especially coal, which causes the majority of the air pollution.

Transport
Transport in Kadolha is provided via means of road, rail, sea and air travel. In the 1930s, Kadolha has primarily laid focus on developing road networks, including motorways and highways, which connect every major city with one another. Motor vehicles are the most used form of transport, and thus development of proper road networks were given more effort. The beginning of the Second Great War left the construction of newer roads unfinished, some of these unfinished roads are still present in the countryside. The majority of roads were constructed using concrete material, and with the idea to replace the material with, the government pushed for an initiative to replace concrete roads with asphalt ones. Concrete is fairly more expensive than asphalt, as well as expensive to repair in case of any damage. Today, the majority of Kadolhan roads are made of asphalt, with concrete being more present in local roads. A very significant motorway is the E-25 motorway, spanning from Ćenica to Kradelas, taking the spot for the biggest motorway in the country.

The rail network is mainly used for freight cargo transport, rather than passenger transport, due to the affordability of motor vehicles. Rail transport was popular when it was first introduced in 1847, when the first railroad connecting Kradelas and Lipnovo was built. When cars were introduced, their rise in popularity was rapid, and has instantly shadowed rail transport. Though a large rail network exists, its primary use is logistical, being strategically positioned that way. s use a urban rail network within cities, and tend to be used more frequently due to dense traffic in major cities, where transport is also a common form of transportation.

Other means of travel are by air and sea. Every major city has an airport, the largest airport in Kadolha being the Kradelas International Airport. By usage, sea transport is the least used form of transportation, although a popular ferry route is from Grcanovo, Meriča to Mrakać, Feljača. Much like rail transport, sea transport is also used for cargo transport. The largest port is located in Varina, the maritime center of the country.

The transportation sector is directly managed by the National Syndicate of Transportation, composed of the National Confederation of Transport Employers and National Confederations of Drivers, Pilots and Conductors. Their activites are overseen by the Logistical Administration of the Bureau of Development and Infrastructure.

Tourism


Kadolha is a popular tourist destination, because of its unique and diverse architecture, historical remnants, music, cuisine and a variety of landforms located across the country. Although having a strict isolationist policy with closed borders, tourists from countries without a travel-ban are allowed to enter the country after passing all border inspections. Kadolha received 56 million tourists in 2016, but the number of tourists gradually declined over the years. Roughly 29 million tourists visited Kadolha in 2019.

Popular tourist destinations are old fortresses, castles, museums, mountain resorts, national parks and beaches. Kradelas attracts the majority of the tourists, as it is the heartland of the country, with many interesting features, such as the diverse architecture, museums and monuments in both religious and historical value. Varina is the second most popular tourist destination, as it has a set of beaches and hotels, and is a prime location for summer vacations. Kadolha is also the location of many religious temples, raised in honor of the gods and are places of worship. These temples tend to be visited by other Slavic pagans during yearly pilgrimages. Popular tourist attractions include the Kradelas Fortress, Klađa National Park, Rezokamen Fortress, Monument to a Thousand Souls and the statue of Suncebog in Vrknovo.

Space exploration
Kadolha traces its achievements in and  back to the launch of the first Kadolhan into space in 1967 via Bloodian, Borislav Marinković. It was also the first joint space mission between Bloodia and Kadolha. With the assistance of the Bloodian Aerospace Directorate, the countries of Cestros and Kadolha jointly developed the Collective Spaceflight Research Administration (Združena uprava svemirskog istraživanja, ZUSI) in 1973. The first Kadolhan in space, launched via Kadolhan spacecraft was Marinko Šoškić in 1975, making Kadolha the fourth country to send a man to space.

The first CSRA satellite launched into space was Okolnik 1 in 1977 from the Ćenica Air Force Base. Cestrosia is the first space station finished in 1984 and remains still operational. Kadolha finished its own space station, Vajić 1 in 1988 and is not used for joint purposes. Though having a joint space program, the government created the Bureau of Spaceflight Research & Development in 1985 to help develop more indigenous designs. Kadolha launched a significant number of satellites into space, both of domestic origin and jointly developed through the CSRA program. Two main s are located in the voivodeships of Varažija and Šekoval.

Kadolhan astronauts actively take part in mission flights to the International Space Station.

Culture


The culture of Kadolha is heavily derived from its roots, combined with some of the cultures of indigenous populations. Today, Kadolhan culture is defined by its old religious customs tracing back to the Maranskan colonization period, but most notable was the impact of the Kadolhan War of Independence, as it set the foundation for a national identity and the rise of Kadolhan nationalism.

Kadolha is home to numerous cultural monuments, such as temples, pyramids, forts, castles and old towns. The most significant cultural monuments are: the Temple of Vremeslav, located within the Kradelas Fortress in Kradelas; the Kamena Vrtovica, an old city fortress; the Monument to a Thousand Souls, a monument raised at the site of a mass burning ritual after the Battle of Galebica, the last battle of the Kadolhan War of Independence; and the giant statue of Ratibog erected in Lipnovo. A number of Irisian structures and cities are scattered throughout the country. Other significant cultural structures are the various temples of the indigenous populations, most notably the ones located in the cities of Izel Ata, Ariche and Chanuwa.

There are many preserved old religious texts written in Maranskan and various kept in the National Library of Kadolha, although there are examples who are kept within the premises of temples. All activities regarding the preservation of the cultural heritage of Kadolha are undertaken by the Bureau of Culture.

Art and architecture
Kadolhan art and architecture have its origins in Maranskan and Irisian art and architecture, with a lot of post-colonial forms coming to the country through intercontinental trade and migrations.

The country is dotted with old forts, historical cities and pyramids. Many of these remain preserved and protected by the government. The most notable Kadolhan-Maranskan forts and cities are Kradelas Fortress, Galebica Fortress, Trnorez abd Vodokamen. Notable pre-settler cities are Izel Ata, Ariche, Chanuwa and Itotia.



During the colonial period of Kadolha, the period arrived to the colony through its Maranskan colonizers with a major impact on the architecture, art and music.

When Kadolha gained its independence in 1759, from that point on, there would be a number of, , , , , , , , , Interwar modernist and academicist influences on Kadolhan architecture and art. One example of architecture can be observed on the Building of the Great Revivalist Assembly in Kradelas.

Important Kadolhan painters of the first half of the 20th century were Vedran Jokić, Davor Bojanić and Radovan Radić of. Marko Bajić and Uroš Lazarević of. Bojan Kraljević and Goran Nikolić of. Slobodan Živić and the sculptor Slavomir Bojanović of. Noted painters of the second half of the 20th century include Marija Cvijanović, Ivan Ignjatović, Stanoje Pejić and Ilija Vladimirović of.

Notable Kadolhan artworks include the painting of Velegrad, Battle of Galebica and the sculpture of Ratibog. Among other crafts, the is the most important traditional handcraft in Kadolha.

There are more than 20,000 museums in Kadolha, of which the most prominent one is the National Museum of Kadolha, founded in 1810. It is home to all sorts of archeological findings, such as Irisian busts, coins and weapons, as well as old leftover Maranskan relics.

Literature
The first known sources of Kadolhan literacy have their origins in Maranskan literature, which emerged during the colonization of Irisia in late 17th century. The oldest Kadolhan book was the Killing of the Buffalo.





The period brought major influence on Maranskan-Kadolhan literature, and it was the most prominent literacy style up until the  in the 18th century. Vesna Krljić and Jovana Zmajević became the first two female prose writers who's work was recognized by the public in Kadolha after independence in 1759. Notable male Baroque prose writers include Ivan Trifunović, Dejan Goranović, Marko Cvijić and Petar Slavić. There were only two recognized writers of the Age of Enlightement, Radoje Milić and Slaviša Dobrojević. The period was responsible for a boom in writers and works, as the literacy style became immensely popular and accepted by the public. Notable writers of the Romanticist period were Mladen Pavlović, Dražen Bojević, Milivoje Velimirović, Željko Dobrosavljević, Obren Trifković and Višeslav Vujić. In the late 19th century, writers came into the spotlight, though were not as popular or widespread as Romanticist writers. Famous Realist writers include Stefan Nedeljković, Branko Josipović, Borislav Popović and Veljko Mandić.

The 20th century was dominated by prose writers such as Vlado Ristovski (The Thunder God and the Tree), Vlatko Georgijević (Death of the Gray Wolf), Aleksandar Petrović (Beyond the Sky Boundry), Ljuba Aleksić (Off Limits), Pera Bačić (Many Miles Away), Momčilo Popović (Despair) and Obrad Andrić (The Suffering of a Lone Eagle). Famous 20th century poets include Strahinja Šaponjić, Radiša Bojević, Slaviša Novaković, Miško Stevanović, Draško Rajić, Kristina Vladimirović, Ksenija Vladić and Sanja Tomić.

The best-known Kadolhan author is Bratislav Pavlović, his best work is considered to be Pain and Suffering, which was translated into 10 languages and became a popular book to read in 1951. His original works are kept within the vicinity of the Matica kadoljska.

There are more than a thousand libraries all across the country, while the biggest one is the National Library of Kadolha, containing more than 8 million volumes of books and poetry. Very historically important poetic texts and original written books are put on display in the Matica kadoljska, the oldest cultural institution and in the Cozars, created in 1815 as part of the rise of, a result of the Republican Wars the Second Kadolhan Republic took part in.

Music


Traditional Kadolhan music includes a variety of instruments, such as s, s,, s, s, drums and cymbals. The is the traditional folk dance, basically a circle dance, though their forms vary in different regions of Kadolha. Despite not being as mainstream as other musical forms today, sung epic poetry remains an integral part of the Kadolhan music scene, having shaped traditional folk music.

The period was the most impactful on the Kadolhan-Maranskan music scene, giving birth to numerous symphonies and orchestras, as well as composers such as Radiša Dapčević, Stanislav Borisavljević and Miloje Šiljan. The baroque period lasted from the late 16th century until the late 17th century.

became prominent after the period came to an end. The classical period overshadowed the majority of, due to its less complex, lighter and clearer texture. Classical music remained in Kadolha up until the late 19th century, and has served as a foundation for the father of modern Kadolhan music, Kosta Mandić. Baroque music may have had some of the greatest influence in Kadolha, but it was certainly not too far ahead from classical music. Notable composers of this period include Ljubiša Urošević, Staniša Tadić, Raško Marković and Ivica Bojanić.

The was followed by the. Romantic music had no significant influence on Kadolhan music, there were only two publicly recognized composers of this period, Radonja Kostić and Stevan Grgurović.

Folk music in its original form, also known as traditional Kadolhan music, has been a prominent music form since the late 19th century. The Bureau of Culture is responsible for the more widespread introduction of folk music into all schools, because in Kadolha it is believed that music lies within the cultural identity of a nation, and if the music is forgotten, the identity begins to fade away.

The sudden rise of in the west and its rapid spread throughout Zemlya and Irisia ignited massive popularity in Kadolha in the 1950s and 1960s. What became immensely more popular than rock was, characterized by its loud sounds, distortion, long guitar solos and emphatic beats. The most popular Kadolhan heavy metal band is Pogrom, having toured the majority of Irisia and Zemlya. Heavy metal reached its peak in popularity in the 1970s, and a large number of newly formed metal bands started showing up. The first heavy metal band to tour Kadolha was Topor, also the first Sajuznik band allowed to ever enter the country in 1982. Ever since then, many Kadolhans became fans of Topor, many other other bands would start making covers of Topor's songs and their popularity was almost as high as that of Pogrom.

There are twenty-one opera houses located across the country, of which six notable ones located in the capital city of Kradelas. These operas include the: Kradelas Musical Theater, Musical Section of the National Theater, Emperor's Theater House, Classical Music Theater, Opera House of the Eagle and Theater of Music and Scene.

Sports
is by far the most popular ball sport in Kadolha, extensively played by the youth and viewed by millions in the country. Other popular sports include, , and. The Kadolha men's national basketball team has won many gold medals at regional and international basketball competitions, being ranked as the best basketball team in Irisia. The National Basketball Association is the primary governing sports body for basketball in the country, with the Basketball League of Kadolha being the major competitive basketball club league.

play an important role in Kadolhan society, whose first records of introduction were in the 1920s, primarily the schools of and  by practioners from Asakawa. The government started actively pushing a variety of martial arts into schools, so children can choose to practice one or multiple from a young age. It was done in order to increase discipline among the youth and make them physically capable for any future endeavours. This action proved to be very effective, as the government enforces a campaign to turn the youth population into able sportsmen. In the 1950s, more martial arts were introduced to the Kadolhan populous, such as (Dongkuo kickboxing),, ,  and. Along these,, and  are also available at schools, but are not as popular. The first mixed martial arts clubs were opened in the early 1960s, while the first MMA competition in Kadolha took place in Kradelas 1967. Famous Kadolhan martial artists include Dušan Rajović (Judo), Lazar Kojić (Jiu-jitsu), Vedran Simić (Sanda), Petar Ivančević (Sambo), Dragan Vasiljević (Karate), Slaven Kršić (Maharlikan boxing), Jovan Kovačević (Taekwondo) and Nikola Lazarević (MMA).

There are a number of associations and federations responsible for organizing martial arts competitions, these are the National Judo Federation of Kadolha, Maharlikan Boxing Federation of Kadolha, Jiu-Jitsu Federation of Kadolha, National Sambo Federation of Kadolha, Sanda Association of Kadolha, Taekwondo Federation of Kadolha, Karate Federation of Kadolha, Kadolhan Wrestling Federation, Boxing Association of Kadolha, Kickboxing Association of Kadolha and the United Mixed Martial Arts Association. All of them are directly subordinate to the Bureau of Culture.

The 1970s was also the decade of, where and  became increasingly popular, especially in the 1980s when new rally regulations classified under  were introduced. Group B sparked the popularity of motorsport in the country, because of its high-power and performance vehicles along with excellent drivers, which to the present day remains the same.

Theater and cinema
The father of modern Kadolhan theater is considered to be Davor Starčević with a very well established theatrical tradition. There are a number of theaters in the majority of cities, of which the most important ones are the Emperor's Theater House, National Theater in Kradelas, Teševac Theater House, Ćenica Theatrical Center and the Varina Regional Theatrical and Cultural Center. The oldest theater in the country is the Laškana Cultural Theater, built in 1644. Important Kadolhan playwrighters include Dobroslav Sandić, Marinko Tadić and Predrag Tomić.

With the arrival of film projectors to Kadolha, the oldest movie in Irisia was filmed in 1889, known as the Lady in Black

Kadolhan cinematography saw some development in the period, the most popular movie was The Fire Lake Swan, a  movie released in 1920. The arrival of in 1923 allowed for much more rapid development in cinematography, popular movies of the interwar period were Life & Mystery (1928), Bolt Shooter (1931), Emotional Eruption (1936) and Vesna (1940). After the end of the Second Great War, Kadolhan cinema boomed with the release of several movies. The 1960s, 1970s and 1980s represented the golden era of Kadolhan cinematography, where movies and s were amongst the most popular movie genres. The most popular comedic movie was Boiling Hot (1980) and war movie Offensive in Southern Lipnitia 1946 (1974). Renowned Kadolhan filmmakers of this era are Ivan Kladar and Nemanja Ivončević.

Renowned Kadolhan movie stars have left a significant mark in Kadolhan cinematography and the state has given them honors as a form of remembrance. Notable mentions are Petar Petko Stojadinović, Velibor Miljetić, Ružica Gavrić, Darko Maljko Maljac, Dragana Grgić, Draško Cvija Cvijanović, Velimir Nešić, Peruna Ignjić, Tanja Vajić and many others.

Media
The freedom of press and freedom of speech is a controversial topic in Kadolha, the freedom of press is virtually non-existent. All television is operated by the National Radio Television Department, primarily airing domestic programs with the implementation foreign television programs.

There are more than 10,000 radio stations in Kadolha of whom plenty have national coverage, including the public broadcaster National Radio Television Department.

Media censorship first began in 1924, when major newspapers were shut down. All newspaper agency headquarters were demolished and all possible newspaper examples burned. This censorship campaign was met with zero resistance, and the same year the national newspaper Kadolha Today was created. Popular newspapers prior the beginning of the Revivalist era include The Eagle, Our Country, Salt & Pepper and Sea Lions.

There is only one national daily newspaper in Kadolha, called Kadolha Today (Кадољска данас, Kadoljska danas), informing the populous about all sorts of events within and outside of the country. There are regional newspapers for every voivodeshp, and as well as local newspapers for every opština. An unknown amount of web portals exist on the .кад domain, while there have been reports of dissident web portals being hosted on foreign domains, made to undermine the Kadolhan government.

Cuisine


Kadolhan cuisine is largely heterogeneous and shares a lot of similarities with other countries in Irisia. Food and alcoholic drinks are very important in Kadolhan social life, especially during religious practices, which involve food offerings and feasts.

The Kadolhan diet involves bread, meat (mainly, , and ), fruits, vegetables and dairy products. Bread has an important place in Kadolhan meals, being found served along every dish and used extensively during religious rituals. products such as potatoes play a significant role over the summer, as it is one of the more widely consumed products at that time of the year, usually being served alongside a main dish.

Kadolhan specialties include (caseless sausages made of minced meat, grilled and seasoned),, ,  (paprika filled with minced meat, which is then cooked), , , ,  (meat pie), , ,  (cornbread),  and.

The national beverage is meduška, a high alcohol volume drink distilled from fruit and flavored with, hence the name of the drink. Meduška without the honey flavor is called, and the most commonly found one is Šljivara, which is rakija distilled from plum. Other alcoholic beverages include, , and. Winemaking in Kadolha is a century-long tradition, where wine is produced in roughly thirty different geographical regions.

Public holidays
The public holidays in Kadolha are defined by the Act on National Holidays in the Republic of Kadolha.